Claimed Benefits What Usually Happens Better-Supported Alternatives
Gentle daily exfoliation Can alter pH and cause micro-abrasions leading to irritation Lactic acid or pH-appropriate polyhydroxy acids
Removes acne and blackheads Can dry out oil, but usually worsens the skin barrier and inflammation Salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide (over-the-counter)
Brightens and evens skin tone Limited evidence; irritation may trigger post-inflammatory symptoms Niacinamide, vitamin C derivatives, azelaic acid
Reduces excess oil and shine Possible temporary absorption, but oil usually returns Niacinamide and clay masks should be used sparingly Soothes minor irritations Alkaline nature may cause burning or inflammation on sensitive skin Colloidal oatmeal, centella asiatica, aloe vera
In reality,
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